Tartar forms through mineralization of dental plaque and is the main cause of gingivitis and halitosis. During a dental cleaning, deposits above and below the gum line are removed. The procedure is performed under anesthesia and followed by polishing to slow the formation of new plaque. Regular cleaning helps prevent tooth loss.

When a tooth is severely affected by infection or jawbone destruction, extraction is the only solution. The procedure is performed under anesthesia with careful attention to pain management and aftercare. Extractions relieve pain and prevent the spread of infection.

Damaged teeth can sometimes be preserved through endodontic treatment, in which the pulp cavity is cleaned and filled. This prevents further infection and maintains tooth function. If the damage is too severe, the tooth must still be extracted.

Jaw fractures in dogs and cats usually result from trauma, such as traffic accidents, falls, or bite wounds. They may cause pain, difficulty eating, excessive salivation, and sometimes visible jaw misalignment. Because the jaw plays a crucial role in eating, breathing, and overall comfort, prompt veterinary assessment is essential. Treatment ranges from rest and modified feeding to surgical stabilization, depending on the severity and location of the fracture. Timely and appropriate management greatly improves the likelihood of a good recovery.

Dental developmental disorders in dogs and cats arise during tooth development and may affect both deciduous and permanent teeth. Examples include delayed tooth eruption, retained deciduous teeth, abnormal tooth positioning, or enamel defects. These conditions can lead to pain, inflammation, feeding difficulties, and an increased risk of periodontal disease. Early detection and timely veterinary guidance are important to prevent permanent damage.